Chapter 10

      In chapter 10, it talks about personality types, micromanagement, and approaches to leadership. The different types of personality are active-positive, active-negative, passive-positive, and passive-negative. Active-positive personality is when a person desires to reach goals and attain results above everything else. Active-negative is when a person feels the need to have power and keep it. Passive-positive is when a person tries to be loved and revered. Passive-negative is when a person stresses civic virtue.
     Micromanagement is when managers supervise too closely. When you have micromanagement, it prohibits employees to do their best work and reaching their full potential eventually. Also, micromanagement hurts overall vision because leaders that micromanage become too busy worrying about every little thing subordinates are doing. Of course, there should not be little management either. Leaders must balance out how much management is given. Part of being a good leader is to be able to help move people in new directions and help them reach their full potentials.
     Functions of leadership are "to define an agency's mission and goals, to be viewed as the institutional embodiment of its purpose, to defend its integrity, and to bring order to internal conflict" (p. 249). Leadership involves three levels of responsibility and control which are technical, managerial, and institutional. Leaders deal with problems dealing with performance at the technical level. At the managerial level, leaders mediate "between the lower levels of the agency and those who use its services and acquiring the resources needed to carry out its central functions" (p. 249). Leaders make long term policies and provide support to help the agency reach its goals in the institutional level.

LeMay, Michael C. (2006). “Balancing Values in the Administration of Public Policy”  Public Administration: Clashing Values in the Administration of Public Policy.  WADSWORTH CENGAGE Learning, 2nd edition.